SOCI 325: Sociology of Science

Agenda

Theme 4:
Science aligns
with power

  1. Administrative
  2. Final project description
  3. Course themes revisited
  4. Small-group discussions

e.g. cold fusion, challenger explosion, detection of gravitational waves The Golem: Edible knowledge: the chemical transfer of memory Two experiments that ‘proved’ the theory of relativity The sun in a test tube: the story of cold fusion The germs of dissent: Louis Pasteur and the origins of life A new window on the universe: the non-detection of gravitational radiation The sex life of the whiptail lizard Set the controls for the heart of the sun: the strange story of the missing solar neutrinos The Golem at Large: A clean kill?: the role of Patriot in the Gulf War The naked launch: assigning blame for the Challenger explosion Crash!: nuclear fuel flasks and anti-misting kerosene on trial The world according to Gold: disputes about the origins of oil Tidings of comfort and joy: Seven Wise Men and the science of economics The science of the lambs: Chernobyl and the Cumbrian sheepfarmers ACTing UP: AIDS cures and lay expertise limited to 15 students per topic

Benjamin (2019), Engineered Inequity: Are Robots Racist? - No way to understand the technology of AI without the social contexts of culture, politics, power, money, etc - A 'purely' technical or scientific explanation is incomplete

Goodyear (2016), The Stem-Cell Scandal - The _doing_ of science bears little resemblance to the uncomplicated ideal of a pure scientific method - Science is done by _people and organizations_ operating within _social institutions_ - Scientific practice is not immune to social forces

Gould (1981), Measuring Heads - If there is one big lesson from 150 years of sociology it is this: institutions and individual behavior inevitably reinforce existing power structures - We are all (yes, _you_) influenced by dominant norms and socialized preconceptions about the world - tools and methods can help, but not completely

Wolfe (2018), Freedom’s Laboratory (Introduction) - What we mean by 'science' (the practice, utility, significance, role, ...) is deeply situated in the current historical moment. - Wolfe: This goes beyond just "what are the important questions." Science is more entangeled with culture than that. - What science is _for_ (creating of useful tools? fulfilling basic curiousity about the universe? Generating expertise as a political resource?) depends on the time and place that is being done. - (like all institutions: govt, military, education, family, ...)